Herbivore Animals
Examples of herbivores include hooved animals such as antelopes, bison, deer, horses, zebras, hippos, rhinos and tapirs. Other types of herbivorous animals include kangaroos, the koala, fruit bats, rabbits, hares, tortoises, the green iguana and giant panda.
On this page is a list of herbivorous animals with pictures and interesting facts. Read on to discover some of the world’s most amazing plant-eaters…
Use the index below to find information on a particular animal, or continue scrolling to browse all of the animals on the list.
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Herbivores are animals whose diets consist of plant material. Herbivores have numerous adaptations for this lifestyle, including: specialized teeth for cutting and grinding tough plant material; digestive systems evolved to break down plant material; and slow metabolisms due to the low energy content of food such as leaves and grass.
Herbivores often have adaptations such as speed, camouflage and acute senses to prevent themselves from becoming prey to carnivores. Herbivores such as antelopes and deer live in herds for added protection.
Some herbivores have specialized diets, for example, frugivores eat fruit, granivores eat seeds, xylophages eat wood and nectivores eat nectar. You can see other specialized types of herbivores on this page: What Do Animals Eat?
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Many of the herbivorous animals in the list below are ungulates. An ungulate is hooved mammal belonging to one of either two orders: Perissodactyla (odd-toed ungulates) or Artiodactyla (Even-toed ungulates).
Most ungulates are herbivores. Their stomachs contain special bacteria for breaking down cellulose, a material found in the cell walls of plant cells.
The stomachs of ruminants have four compartments. Within the first two compartments, the food is broken down into a soft material known as cud using a process known as fermentation.
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The cud is regurgitated and chewed, further breaking down the food ready for digestion in the animal’s third and fourth stomachs. Examples of ruminants include antelopes, cattle, sheep, goats, deer and giraffes.
All heterotrophs have to eat organic material: herbivores eat plant matter, carnivores eat animal matter, and omnivores get nutrition from both plant and animal matter.
Herbivores are primary consumers, as they eat producers (plants). Many herbivores are prey to secondary consumers (which can be either carnivores or omnivores).
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Nearly all of the 91 antelope species are found in Africa, with the others being found in Asia. Well-known types of antelope include springbok, gazelles, duikers , elands, oryxes and kudus.
Both the males and females of most antelope species have horns, although those of the male are usually longer. Unlike a deer’s antlers, which are shed annually, an antelope’s horns grow continuously throughout its lifetime.
Antelopes are herbivorous animals that live in herds. Most antelopes live in savannas, although some species are found in woodlands, forests, and even deserts.
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Beavers construct dams by felling trees with their sharp teeth. The resulting pond not only provides the beavers with protection from predators, but also creates a wetland ecosystem in which other species can live.
The American bison is also known as the buffalo, but is not closely related to “true” buffalo such as the African buffalo and water buffalo (both of which are also herbivores).
) was hunted to extinction in the wild, and has since been reintroduced in several locations in Europe. Today, the bison populations of several European countries, including Poland, Russia and Belarus, number over 1, 000 individuals.
Surprisingly Herbivorous Animals
Deer are hooved, herbivorous mammals belonging to the family Cervidae. Male deer have antlers, which differ from the permanent horns of animals such as antelopes in that they are grown and shed each year of the animal’s adult life. The only female deer species to have antlers is the reindeer.
Deer are found on every continent except Antarctica and Australia. The largest living deer is the moose, which lives in the taiga / boreal forests of the Northern Hemisphere.
There are three species of elephant. From largest to smallest, they are the: African bush elephant, Asian elephant, and African forest elephant. All three elephants are herbivorous, eating grasses, trees and shrubs.
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The African bush elephant is the largest living land animal. Both it and the African forest elephant are found in Africa. The Asian elephant, as its name suggests, is found in Asia.
Both of the African elephants have large ears and deeply wrinkled skin. The Asian elephant has smaller ears and smoother skin than the African species. The skin of the Asian elephant can have a patchy appearance, unlike the plain grey color of the African species.
The most distinctive feature of elephants is the trunk. The trunk is an extension of the elephant’s joined nose and upper lip. It is used to bring food and water to the elephant’s mouth, and to grasp and manipulate other objects.
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Tusks, which are extended incisor teeth, are found on both male and female African elephants, but only on male Asian elephants. (Occasionally, female Asian elephants have very small tusks.)
The giant panda, or panda, is a species of bear found in China. Unlike other bears, most of which are omnivores, pandas are almost entirely herbivorous.
The panda’s powerful jaw muscles, which are needed to cope with tough bamboo stalks, give its face a rounded shape. The panda also has special thumb-like bones in its paws for holding bamboo.
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The giraffe is the world’s tallest animal, reaching heights of up to 5.7 m (18.7 ft). The long-necked herbivore’s height allows it to reach foliage inaccessible to smaller animals.
The giraffe’s closest relative (and the only other species in the family Giraffidae), is the okapi, another herbivore. Both the giraffe and the okapi have small horns known as ossicones.
The grass carp is a member of the carp family, Cyprinidae found in cloudy freshwater habitats in Asia. It is a bulky, powerful fish that can reach lengths of up to 2 m / 6.56 ft.
Herbivore Examples: Common Plant Eating Animals
The grass carp is mostly herbivorous, with aquatic plants forming the bulk of its diet. The fish will also eat insects and other invertebrates, meaning that strictly speaking, it is an omnivore.
Grasshoppers are a group of herbivorous insects found on every continent except Antarctica. Their long hind legs are an adaptation for jumping. Occasionally, certain grasshopper species form large swarms. Swarming grasshoppers are known as locusts.
The green iguana is a large lizard that lives in forests in Central and South America. The species is commonly called the iguana, with its full name being used to distinguish it from other species in the iguana family, Iguanidae.
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Despite its size (the species can reach lengths in excess of 2 m / 6.56 ft.) and fearsome looks, the green iguana is mainly herbivorous. It is an arboreal (tree-dwelling) species, but is also an excellent swimmer. If threatened, it will often dive into a nearby body of water.
The hippopotamus, or hippo, is one of the largest living land animals; only the elephants and rhinoceroses (both of which are also herbivores) are bigger.
The hippo has a semi-aquatic lifestyle, spending most of the day in the water, and only emerging in the evening to feed. Although hippos are herbivores, due to their size and aggressive nature they are among Africa’s most dangerous animals.
Scientists Say: Herbivore
The hoatzin is a large herbivorous bird found in South America’s Amazon Rainforest. It has gray plumage, with a featherless blue face and a distinctive orange crest on its head.
The hoatzin is unique among birds in two ways. The first is that its digestive system breaks down vegetation by fermentation, in much the same way as cattle.
(The hoatzin is also known as the “stink bird” on behalf of the smell given off by the rotting vegetation in its crop.)
Examples Of Herbivores
The second is that hoatzin chicks have two claws on each of their wings. These allow the chick to climb before it can fly.
The horse is a domesticated subspecies of wild horse. Wild horses are thought to have evolved in North America, before migrating to Europe while the continents were joined by the Bering Land Bridge.
Wild horses were first domesticated around 6, 000 years ago. As well as being used as transport, horses have also been used in farming, warfare and in a variety of other roles.
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Horses are herbivorous grazing animals. Although horses are not ruminants, they are able to break down the cellulose found in grass (unlike humans).
All four kangaroos are herbivores, eating grasses and shrubs. Although kangaroos are not ruminants, they occasionally produce cud, which is chewed and re-digested.
Kangaroos are the largest species in the family Macropodidae, which means “large foot”. All of the other living members of this family, including wallabies and the quokka, are herbivores.
Pics] Quokkas Are Herbivore Creatures From Australia, Deriving From The Kangaroo Family. They Aren't Legal To Interact With And You Could Be Fined $300,000
The koala is a marsupial (pouched mammal) found only in Australia. The diet of this famous herbivore consists almost entirely of eucalyptus leaves.
The leaves contain very little energy, and as a result, the koala tends not to move very fast or very far, and can sleep for up to 20 hours per day!
The garden snail is a gastropod mollusk found throughout Europe. Like most land snails, the species is mainly herbivorous, feeding on fruit, flowers and the leaves of trees, crops, and other plants. It eats by scraping food off by using a tongue-like, tooth-covered organ known as a radula.
Herbivores, Carnivores, And Omnivores Facts And Characteristics
The Amazonian manatee is the smallest species, and the only manatee found only
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